Breadth First Search

BFS Path:

Breadth-First Search (BFS) is a fundamental algorithm used for traversing or searching through graph data structures. It explores all the neighboring nodes at the present depth level before moving on to nodes at the next depth level. This means it explores a graph or tree level by level, ensuring that all nodes at one level are visited before any nodes at the next level. BFS is particularly useful for tasks like finding the shortest path in unweighted graphs, level-order traversal in trees, and solving problems like finding connected components.

BFS(graph, start_node, visited):
    // Create a queue for BFS
    queue = [start_node]
    visited[start_node] = true

    // While there are nodes to visit
    while queue is not empty:
        current_node = queue.pop(0)
        
        // Visit all the neighbors of the current node
        for each neighbor in graph[current_node]:
            if not visited[neighbor]:
                visited[neighbor] = true
                queue.append(neighbor)